Fungi and plants clean up California pollution

Fungi and plants are used to rid a former industrial site of heavy metals and petrochemicals that have contaminated the area for decades.

California Buckwheat flowers bloom as part of the University of California Riverside Phyto Myco Remediation Study, using native plants and fungi to test sustainable soil clean-up solutions of sites known as brownfields that are contaminated with hazardous metals and chemicals, in a vacant lot in Los Angeles, California on May 19, 2023. In the middle of a brownfield site in the heart of Los Angeles, Kreigh Hampel uproots a California buckwheat with a pitchfork to have it analyzed: ever since it was planted, the shrub has been absorbing the lead polluting the soil of this former automobile site. Scientists at UC Riverside have scattered carefully selected plants and fungi on this land, which has long been covered in concrete, in the hope of naturally eliminating the heavy metals and petrochemicals that have contaminated the area for decades.
This technique, known as “bioremediation,” represents a much more economical alternative to conventional processes. (Photo by Patrick T. Fallon / AFP)

LOS ANGELES, United States — In an industrial wasteland in Los Angeles, Kreigh Hampel is uprooting California buckwheat with a pitchfork to find out how much lead it has absorbed.

The plant’s delicate white and pink flowers belie an astonishing cleaning power, which scientists think could be harnessed to get rid of dangerous pollutants – and even recycle them.

“That’s the miracle of life,” enthused 68-year-old Hampel, who is volunteering on the project.

“Plants really can do this work and they know how to do it, they’ve done it so many times over millions of years,” he said.

The experiment is part of a project run by the University of California Riverside which has scattered carefully selected plants and fungi on this former industrial site in the hope of getting rid of the heavy metals and petrochemicals that have contaminated the area for decades.

READ: Chile’s unique Atacama desert sullied by world’s junk

Danielle Stevenson, who is leading the study, says such bioremediation techniques can be much more cost effective than traditional techniques.

“The conventional method of cleaning up sites is just to dig up all the contaminated soil and to dump it somewhere else,” she told AFP.

“That approach doesn’t actually solve the problem, right? It just moves it somewhere else.” And, she says, it costs a lot of money.

Stevenson’s project, which is being carried out on three sites in and around Los Angeles, has a price tag of around $200,000 and so far is showing very promising results.

Solar-powered vacuum cleaners

“In three months, we had a 50 percent reduction of the petrochemicals and then in six months, we were getting pretty close (to that level) with some of the metals,” she said.

Stevenson, a mycologist by training, has chosen her anti-pollution weapons with care.

Oyster mushrooms have been incorporated into the soil because of their natural role in decomposition: Their underground part, called the mycelium, is sucking up diesel.

READ: DA turns over P250K of urban mushroom production projects in Guimaras

“Those same fungi that in nature would eat a dead tree will also recognize diesel oil, for example, as a food source.

“The reason is, it’s basically the same thing. A lot of our fossil fuels are just dead stuff that got compressed over long periods of time.”

Several California native plants, including the telegraph weed and the California bush sunflower, are particularly good at absorbing heavy metals.

Stevenson thinks of the plants essentially as “solar powered vacuum cleaners: They basically suck up the metals, like lead, into their bodies.

“When we pull out the plants, we’ve removed the lead from the soil.”

The lead and other metals can then be recovered from those plants – and even reused.

READ: Mushrooms make better packaging than recycled cardboard

Throughout the United States and the industrialized world, commercial sites that outlive their useful life to the companies that pollute them are often just abandoned, said Stevenson.

The responsibility to put them right falls on poorly funded or ill-equipped local authorities, who struggle to find the money or the expertise.

Fungi and plants are used to rid a former industrial site of heavy metals and petrochemicals that have contaminated the area for decades.

Researcher Danielle Stevenson talks about the sustainable use of native plans and fungi as part of the University of California Riverside Phyto Myco Remediation Study, in a vacant lot in Los Angeles, California on May 19, 2023. In the middle of a brownfield site in the heart of Los Angeles, Kreigh Hampel uproots a California buckwheat with a pitchfork to have it analyzed: ever since it was planted, the shrub has been absorbing the lead polluting the soil of this former automobile site. Scientists at UC Riverside have scattered carefully selected plants and fungi on this land, which has long been covered in concrete, in the hope of naturally eliminating the heavy metals and petrochemicals that have contaminated the area for decades. This technique, known as “bioremediation,” represents a much more economical alternative to conventional processes. (Photo by Patrick T. Fallon / AFP)

Historically the problem is worse in working class or ethnic minority neighborhoods, where politicians feel more able to ignore complaints.

In the United States, where the Environmental Protection Agency lists nearly 1,900 problem sites, only a small number of clean-up projects are carried out each year, Stevenson said.

She hoped that a cheaper method will enable more sites to be cleaned up.

‘The Last of Us’

Advocates say bioremediation’s uses are not limited to fixing former industrial sites. The process can also be used to help clean up the toxic ash left by some wildfires – an annual problem in fire-prone California.

So why is this technique still so underdeveloped?

“Bioremediation is still considered risky,” explained Bill Mohn, professor of microbiology at the University of British Columbia in Canada.

Unlike soil excavation, “it’s hard to guarantee that you will systematically reach the level of pollutants that are required.

READ: Polluted air cuts global life expectancy by two years

“Whereas, we know that if you dig up the soil and send it to somebody who will take it if you pay them, then you’ve solved your problem.”

Stevenson, meanwhile, points to unhealthy prejudices about mushrooms – think of the terrifying fungi that infect the zombies of the HBO smash series “The Last of Us.”

“I get asked all the time: ‘If you introduce a fungus to clean up a site, is it going to take over, eat our house and take over the world?’” she said.

It won’t, she was quick to add.

But that is why it is important to be conducting this kind of experiment in a real-world setting, not just in a laboratory.

“I think once we get more field tests of these methods, people will feel more confident choosing some of these approaches,” she said.

READ: PH air pollution eases, but still 3 times higher than what’s safe



Your subscription could not be saved. Please try again.


Your subscription has been successful.

Read Next

Don’t miss out on the latest news and information.

Subscribe to INQUIRER PLUS to get access to The Philippine Daily Inquirer & other 70+ titles, share up to 5 gadgets, listen to the news, download as early as 4am & share articles on social media. Call 896 6000.

For all the latest Technology News Click Here 

 For the latest news and updates, follow us on Google News

Read original article here

Denial of responsibility! TheDailyCheck is an automatic aggregator around the global media. All the content are available free on Internet. We have just arranged it in one platform for educational purpose only. In each content, the hyperlink to the primary source is specified. All trademarks belong to their rightful owners, all materials to their authors. If you are the owner of the content and do not want us to publish your materials on our website, please contact us by email – [email protected] The content will be deleted within 24 hours.