These symptoms can include:
- Sudden severe chest or upper back pain, often described as a tearing or ripping sensation, that spreads to the neck or down the back
- Sudden severe stomach pain
- Loss of consciousness
- Shortness of breath
- Symptoms similar to those of a stroke, including sudden vision problems, difficulty speaking, and weakness or loss of movement (paralysis) on one side of your body
- Weak pulse in one arm or thigh compared with the other
- Leg pain
- Difficulty walking.
Once treated, the individual’s chances of survival increases. The likelihood of developing the condition has been linked to two specific things: genetic conditions and lifestyle factors that affect the heart and blood vessels.
For example, poor diet and smoking may lead to hypertension (high blood pressure) which increases the likelihood of damage to the specialised cells that line the blood vessels. This makes it far more likely for a person to develop an aortic dissection.
Once developed, aortic dissection can be divided into two main types: type A and type B. The first, is more common and more dangerous, involving a tear in the part of the aorta where it exits the heart. The latter involves a tear in the lower aorta, which can extend into the abdomen.
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